Target (protein/gene name):β-carbonic anhydrases
(http://tdrtargets.org/targets/view?gene_id=7856)
NCBI Gene # or RefSeq#: GI:78101214

Protein ID: 1YLK
Organism (including strain): Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
Etiologic Risk Group (see link below):
Appendix B-III-A. Risk Group 3 (RG3) - Bacterial Agents Including Rickettsia
http://www.utexas.edu/research/rsc/ibc/agent_class.html#_Toc7238334

Appendix B-III-A. Risk Group 3 (RG3) - Bacterial Agents Including Rickettsia

Background/Disease Information:
Three β-carbonic anhydrases are present in the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Carbonic anhydrases catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to form bicarbonate, a reaction required for many functions, including carbon assimilation and pH homeostasis. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3588c gene, shown to be required for in vivo growth of the pathogen, encodes a beta-carbonicanhydrase with a steep pH dependence of its activity, being active at pH 8.4 but not at pH 7.5. The protein now forms distinct tetramers and shows large structural changes, including a carboxylate shift yielding the accessible active site. This structure demonstrated for the first time that a beta-carbonicanhydrase can switch between two states. There is a carboxylate shift on/off switch for the enzyme, which may, in turn, be controlled by a dimer-to-tetramer equilibrium.
Essentiality of this protein:
Gene/Ortholog: mtu1305 (OG4_19505); Phenotype: essential; Source study: nmpdr

Complex of proteins?: No
Druggable Target: It's known to be druggable by orthology.

EC#: 4.2.1.1
Link to BRENDA EC# page:
http://www.brenda-enzymes.org/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.2.1.1

Screenshot of BRENDA enzyme mechanism schematic:
Untitled.jpg




Enzyme Assay information:
-- link to assay or assay reagents (substrates):
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/img/assets/18220/Carbonic_Anhydrase_-_CSRD.pdf
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/content/dam/sigma-aldrich/docs/Sigma/Product_Information_Sheet/2/n8130pis.pdf


Though enzyme activity can be measured by CO2 hydration, the surrogate enzyme assay using 4-nitrophenyl acetate, measuring the amount of 4-nitrophenol cleaved.
Assay_mtCanA_4nitrophenylacetate.PNG

-- link (or citation) to paper that contains assay information
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jm9000488

-- Cost and quantity of substrate reagents and supplier: N8130-10G $48.20

Structure Available (PDB or Homology model)
-- PDB # or closest PDB entry if using homology model: 1YLK
-- For Homology Model option: methanoarchaen Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (Cab).
---- Show pairwise alignment of your BLASTP search in NCBI against the PDB
---- Query Coverage:
---- % Positives---- Max % Identities:
---- Chain used for homology:
ashlee.png
Figure 1: PyMol representation of the protein target, β-carbonic anhydrases, displayed as cartoon with the ligand, SCN shown as sticks.
Current Inhibitors:
2-amino-pyrimidin-4-yl-sulfanilamide, 2-aminobenzenesulfonamide, 3-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)propanoic acid, 3-bromosulfanilamide,
4,5-dichloro-benzene-1,3-disulfonamide.



http://www.brenda-enzymes.org/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.2.1.1&Suchword=&organism%5B%5D=Mycobacterium+tuberculosis&show_tm=0


Expression Information (has it been expressed in bacterial cells):
expressed in Escherichia coli
Purification Method:
glutathione Sepharose 4B column chromatography and sulfonamide affinity chromatography
Image of protein (PyMol with features delineated and shown separately):

Amino Acid Sequence:
ATGACCGTTACCGATGACTACCTGGCGAATAACGTTGACTACGCGTCTGGTTTCAAAGGT
CCGCTGCCGATGCCGCCGTCTAAACACATCGCAATCGTTGCGTGCATGGACGCACGTCTG
GACGTTTACCGCATGCTGGGTATCAAAGAAGGTGAAGCGCATGTCATCCGCAACGCGGGT
TGCGTTGTAACCGACGACGTTATCCGTTCTCTGGCGATCTCTCAGCGTCTGCTCGGTACC
CGTGAGATCATCCTGCTGCACCACACCGACTGCGGTATGCTGACCTTCACGGACGACGAC
TTCAAACGTGCCATCCAGGACGAAACTGGTATCCGTCCGACCTGGTCTCCGGAATCTTAC
CCGGACGCGGTTGAAGACGTTCGTCAGAGCCTGCGCCGTATCGAAGTTAACCCGTTCGTT
ACCAAACACACCTCTCTGCGTGGTTTCGTTTTCGACGTTGCGACCGGCAAACTGAACGAG
GTTACCCCGTAA


Length of protein: 172 amino acids; 516 base pairs
Molecular Weight of your protein in kiloDaltons using the Expasy ProtParamwebsite

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #626262;">22540.4</span>

Molar Extinction coefficient of your protein at 280 nm wavelength:
<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #626262;">Ext. coefficient    10095
Abs 0.1% (=1 g/l)   0.448, assuming all pairs of Cys residues form cystines
 
 
Ext. coefficient     9970
Abs 0.1% (=1 g/l)   0.442, assuming all Cys residues are reduced
</span>
TMpred graph Image (http://www.ch.embnet.org/software/TMPRED_form.html). Input your amino acid sequence to it.
*CDS Gene Sequence (paste as text only):
<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: monospace,serif;">>gi|448814763:1437324-1437815 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv complete genome
<span class="ff_line">GTGACGGTTACCGACGACTACCTGGCCAACAACGTGGACTACGCGAGCGGTTTCAAGGGCCCGCTACCGA
TGCCGCCGAGCAAACACATCGCAATCGTGGCGTGCATGGACGCCCGGCTGGACGTCTACCGCATGCTGGG
CATCAAGGAGGGCGAGGCACACGTCATCCGCAACGCCGGATGCGTGGTCACCGACGATGTGATCCGTTCA
CTGGCCATCAGCCAGCGGCTGCTGGGAACCCGCGAAATCATCCTGCTGCACCACACCGACTGTGGGATGC
TGACTTTCACCGACGACGACTTCAAGCGCGCCATCCAGGACGAGACCGGCATCAGACCCACGTGGTCGCC
CGAGTCGTACCCCGACGCCGTCGAGGACGTCCGTCAGTCGCTGCGCCGCATCGAGGTCAACCCGTTCGTC
ACCAAGCACACGTCGCTGCGCGGCTTCGTCTTCGATGTCGCCACCGGCAAACTCAACGAGGTCACGCCCT
AG</span></span>
GC% Content for gene: 55%
CDS Gene Sequence (codon optimized) - copy from output of Primer Design Protocol (paste as text only):
GC% Content for gene (codon optimized):

Do Not Need this info for Spring (but still copy these lines to your Target page for now)
Primer design results for pNIC-Bsa4 cloning (list seqeunces of all of your ~40 nt long primers):
(link to DNA Works output text file - that should be saved in your Google Docs folder after you did the primer design protocol)
-- Ask a mentor, Dr. B, or a fellow researcher -how to link a GDocs file if you are not sure how to.

Primer design results for 'tail' primers (this is just 2 sequences):